Law & License

Security Deposit

Money a residential tenant gives a landlord, other than rent, to secure performance of the lease under Texas Property Code Chapter 92.

A security deposit is any advance of money, other than a rental application deposit or an advance payment of rent, that is intended primarily to secure performance under a residential lease. The label on the payment does not control. What the money is intended to secure does.

The landlord must refund the deposit no later than 30 days after the tenant surrenders the premises. The landlord may deduct for damages and charges the tenant owes under the lease, but not for normal wear and tear, and must give a written description and itemized list of deductions when any amount is withheld.

The refund and accounting duties are not enforceable until the tenant gives the landlord a written statement of the tenant's forwarding address. A landlord who retains a deposit in bad faith is liable for $100, three times the portion wrongfully withheld, and the tenant's reasonable attorney's fees.

On the exam

Know the two clocks and the condition on them. The refund runs 30 days from surrender, the itemization is required whenever the landlord withholds, and the forwarding address is what makes the duty enforceable.

Worked example

A tenant moves out on March 1 and mails a written forwarding address on March 5. The landlord withholds $400 for a damaged door and must deliver the refund balance and an itemized list by March 31.

Exam trap

The 30-day clock runs from surrender of the premises, not from the lease end date, and the landlord's duty is not enforceable until the tenant supplies a written forwarding address.

Tested in

Special Topics (Texas) (4% of the exam)

From definition to recall

See this term inside a real exam question.

Pass Texas gives you Texas-specific practice, diagnostics across the 14 exam areas, Trap Library, Math Coach, offline access, and one $59.99 purchase. No subscription. No copied exam questions.

Try 5 free questions

This definition is Texas real estate exam-prep education, not legal, tax, or professional advice. Verify current rules against the official source before relying on them for a real transaction. Back to the full glossary.